Cholelithiasis

Cholelithiasis is the medical term for gallstone disease. Gallstones are concretions that form in the biliary tract, usually in the gallbladder. The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ located under the liver. It stores bile, a fluid that helps the body digest fats.

Gallstones can be made of cholesterol, bilirubin, or a combination of both. Cholesterol gallstones are the most common type. They form when there is too much cholesterol in bile. Bilirubin gallstones form when there is too much bilirubin in bile. Bilirubin is a waste product that is created when red blood cells break down.

Gallstones can be small or large, and they can be single or multiple. They can also be smooth or lumpy. Most gallstones do not cause any problems. However, some gallstones can block the bile duct, which can lead to pain, inflammation, and other complications.

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